Can't locate a recirculation setting on pipe valves to circumvent Hayward cartridge filter. Only one pipe running from pump to filter.

Yes, there wouldn't be a Multi-port valve on a Cartridge filter. If you wanted to run your filter in some type of recirculate mode you would have to open the filter and simply remove the cartridge. Then run the pool without the cartridge installed. There is no way to really bypass a Cartridge filter.